Aurothioglucose (Gold thioglucose) is a well known active-site inhibitor of TrxR1, inhibited TrxR1 activity in HeLa cell cytosol but had no effect on the viability of the cells. IC50 value: Target: TrxR1 in vitro: Trx1 redox state and ROS generation were measured in cells exposed to the TrxR1 inhibitors aurothioglucose (ATG) and monomethylarsonous acid (MMA(III)) and in cells depleted of TrxR1 activity by siRNA knock down [1]. in vivo: Adult mice received a single intratracheal dose of 0.375 μg/g lipopolysaccharide (LPS) 12 h before a single intraperitoneal injection of 25 mg/kg ATG. Control mice received intratracheal and/or intraperitoneal saline. ATG treatment significantly attenuated lung injury, increased lung GCLM expression and GSH levels, and decreased mortality. GSH depletion completely prevented the protective effects of ATG in LPS/hyperoxia-exposed mice [2].