Xylometazoline hydrochloride is an α-adrenoceptor agonist commonly used as nasal decongestant. Target: α-Adrenoceptor Xylometazoline hydrochloride is a nasal decongestant spray that constricts nasal blood vessels and increases nasal airflow, enabling patients with a blocked nose to breathe more easily. Xylometazoline hydrochloride is an effective and well-tolerated decongestant nasal spray that significantly relieved nasal congestion compared with placebo in the common cold and provided long-lasting relief with just 1 spray, helping patients to breathe more easily for a longer period of time [1]. Xylometazoline hydrochloride exhibits in radioligand competition studies higher affinities than the catecholamines adrenaline and noradrenaline at most α-adrenoceptor subtypes. Xylometazoline behaved at α(2B) -adrenoceptors as full agonists [2].